I upgraded my server to a newer version of Linux in December. Today I suddenly noticed that I see "No image generated" yellow banner across all images in the TYPO3 backend.
Normal steps in such cases would be to go and check ImageMagick installation using the TYPO3 Install tool:

There is a special section there for image tests:

Basic tests for reading graphics formats told me that convert did not produce any results.
I know what it means. I run Apache in the chrooted environment and after upgrades copies of ImageMagick in the chroot jail are not the same as outside of it. So I upgraded binaries in the jail but it did not change anything. Hmmmm.
I went to chroot jail and tried to call convert from there. Here is what I got:
convert: UnableToOpenConfigureFile `delegates.xml' @ configure.c/GetConfigureOptions/553.
delegates.xml is a file that contains ImageMagick configuration for image conversions with external programs. So it must be missing. I checked /usr/share/ImageMagic-x.y.z and that directory was empty.
"This is easy" I thought. I reinstalled ImageMagick and ran convert again. Huh? Same error? Checking the directory: it is still empty.
Finally I managed to solve it. I had to delete ImageMagick completely with all its dependencies and install it fresh. Than it worked. Now I have my thumbnails again!
Comments
I just run into similar problems recently. No thumbs being generated in the BE. However, to my own surprise, all tools for image processing in the install tool work perfectly!
What do you think can be the problem when the test for image processing turns out to be successful yet no thumbs are generated in the BE?
Thank you very much for your fine advice!
http://lists.typo3.org/pipermail/typo3-english/2010-January/066153.html
Yes! that's not a joke! If you'll be careless and you'll leave empty lines in realurlconf.php after ?> sign, you won't see thumbnails anymore in BE!
Of course IT IS NOT RealURL fault and the simplest way is just to remove ?> from the end at all :)
Just thing to remember, for curious guys hint: it's related to thumbs.php file and RealURL only helped me to discover that.
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